The Presidio of Tucson was founded in August of 1775. Building of the structure probably began the following October after the growing season. It was occupied in late October or early November of 1776. The fort initially had a small earthworks along the Santa Cruz River and Pennington (Calle de Arroyo) and had a wooden palisade along Church and the northern boundary. By early 1783, after a large Apache attack, it was walled with thick adobe. The post was continually improved until it reached its maximum size of approximately 11 acres. Tucson was among the largest of the frontier presidios. Tucsons’ torreones (towers) were state of the art, allowing enfiladed defense along the walls. The square torreons are found on most post 1772 presidios.

The area around the current City of Tucson has been inhabited by humans going back at least 4,000 years, by the current Tohono O’odham people and their predecessors, then the Spanish, Mexican and finally the people of the United States. With the founding of the Territory of Arizona by Abraham Lincoln in 1863, and particularly once the railroads arrived, Tucson became a mecca for whites, blacks, asians, and was especially of note for those suffering from tuberculosis. Back in time, the Santa Cruz river flowed with fresh water, and the agrarian people living there dug trenches to irrigate their crops (primarily corn.)

On a historical note, the word Tucson is derived from the Tohono O’Odham word “S-cuk Son” meaning ‘at the base of the black hill.’

The Presidio San Agustin Museum offers docent guided tours, self-guided tours (including a 3 ring binder guide book they have available, with a huge amount of explanatory and detailed posters all around the premises. General Admission is $8 for adults, $5 for children 6-13 and free for children up to age 5. The museum also offers a standard $3 off for residents of Pima County, Seniors and members of the military.

For an in-depth look at all that is offered at the Presidio San Agustin Museum, check out their website at https://tucsonpresidio.com/, or give them a call at 520-622-0594.

Located at 196 N. Court Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85701, the Presidio Museum is located near Menlo Park west of I-10, El Presidio, Historic 4^th Avenue, Downtown, Iron Horse, Barrio Viejo, Barrio Libre and Armory Park neighborhoods.

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